MuseScore 有适用于不同操作系统的版本,包括 窗口操作系统、麦金塔,以及多种 Linux 发行版和几个 BSD 变种。请注意,“Musescore”在版本 4.3 中已重命名为“MuseScore Studio”,请参阅《在线公告》。
详见 MuseScore 版本以便您做出满足需求的选择。
MuseScore 完全免费。欲使用 Musescore,用户不需要任何专业或者附加账户订阅服务。Musescore 3 发布在《革奴通用公共许可证版本 2》下,详询革奴官网。
另外,授予所有人再分发(未经修改的二进制)给朋友和学生的权利,正如“您可以交付 musescore.org 上任何版本的 MuseScore 至其他人,或者通过某一服务器内部共享之”。阅读 GPLv2 条款以合法征收附加服务缴费(charge)或者费用(fee)。
安装后首次运行 MuseScore 时,您将会被问及几个问题来确定你的首选项:
首先,您可以选择授权 MuseScore(3.4 或者更高版本)来收集使用数据,点击 是的,发送匿名报告 或者 不发送 以继续:
语言设置已在安装时设置好,通常无需更改。只需按 下一步 以继续:
紧接着是键盘布局:
工作区页面让您选定默认工具栏与面板。从下拉列表选择一个选项。然后点击 下一步 以继续:
此时您是否要观看 教程导览。若您是 MuseScore 新手请点击“是” 选项,然后点 下一步 以继续:
最后点击 结束 以开始使用 MuseScore。
MuseScore 是适用于窗口、麦金塔,和 Linux,支持各种文件格式和输入方式的音乐作谱程序;本手册描述其特性。作为易于使用的所见即所得的编辑器,MuseScore Studio 特色鲜明,伴有耳聪目明的音频乐谱回放结果,媲美像 Finale 和西贝柳斯这样的商业产品。“MuseScore”在版本 4.3 更名为“MuseScore Studio”。
MuseScore 发布为自由开源软件。
访问革奴官网以多加了解通用公共许可证。
MuseScore 由无偿志愿者开发和支持,并且由 Muse 集团的雇员管理。MuseScore BVBA 是 Muse 集团的一家子公司。来源:维基百科和论坛讨论。
“MuseScore”还经常指代以下列项。然而,如上所释,本手册使用的“MuseScore”,仅仅指代作谱软件本身;除非另行说明,不用来指代以下任何列项。
MuseScore 是开源的。其源代码可在代码托管平台 GitHub 上访问。
MuseScore 3.6.2 是 MuseScore 3 最后的官方发布。分叉见外链部分。
MuseScore Studio 4 是从 MuseScore 3.6.2 继续开发的结果。它改善了海量回放和数不胜数的雕版特性。MuseScore 3.6.2 发布以后,软件的大多数开发者的工作重心转移到 MuseScore Studio 4 上。Muse 集团雇员不再搞 Musescore 3.6.2 的排错。由于编程框架和库中的实质变更,一些对 Musescore 3.6.2 提议的改善不可能并入 MuseScore Studio 4。尚未完成重要特性的重新实现;另见相关议题、论坛相关主题贴,和论坛相关主题贴。
当选择某一 MuseScore 版本以创建乐谱之时,用户适宜记下本公司的分发版本和特性实现哲学,并且考虑生产需要。譬如 MuseScore 3.6.2 Linux 支持音频和带有 JACK 接口的 MIDI 路由,它影响自动化和视频同步。
MuseScore 3 和 MuseScore Studio 4 可以在同一操作系统上并行安装和打开。乐谱文件默认用最后安装的 Musescore 版本打开。您总可以手动选择 右键菜单 → 打开方式 。注意,MuseScore 原生格式(*.mscz
和 *.mscx
)是向后兼容的—— MuseScore Studio 4 无误地打开 MuseScore 3 的 *.mscz
。
值得注意的分叉:
分叉 | 托管平台 | 相关页面 |
---|---|---|
Musescore 3.7 进化版 | GitHub | 论坛讨论 |
基于 MuseScore 3.0 开发的 PianoTutor | GitHub | MuseScore + Arduino + LEDs + MIDI = Piano Tutor |
安装之前,选择下列方式之一以了解版本属于您的计算机上的窗口操作系统版本。
输入下列命令:
winver
以下列两种方式之一前往设置以了解版本属于您的计算机上的窗口操作系统:(注意:适用于 Windows 10 或者更高版本)
ms-settings:about
若您的设备运行 Windows 10,可以从 Microsoft Store 安装(警告:相当过时的)32 位版本的 MuseScore。在那儿,您只需点击 获取应用> ,然后 MuseScore 就会下载并安装,随后自动更新(警告:自从版本 3.3.4 发布以来尚未收到任何更新)。
此外,您可以从 MuseScore 官方下载页获取窗口系统的安装包。单击对应您的操作系统的链接,向下滚动至底部以看见最新版本,在那里选中您想要的版本来开始下载。(对于窗口操作系统而言,请挑选适合您处理器架构的版本:64 位还是 32 位;还有安装包版本:微软安装器(*.msi)还是可执行文件(*.exe)的便携应用(PortableApp))。您的浏览器会要求您确认下载的文件,请点击 保存文件 。
下载完成以后,双击文件开始安装。窗口操作系统或许会向您弹出一个用户账户控制(User Account Control, UAC)窗口以在安装之前确认。点击 运行 以继续。
安装现在开始
如果您在此时或之后点击 取消 ,您将会看见:
如果您点击的是 下一步 ,安装向导将显示免费软件许可的条款。
阅读许可条款,请确保勾选了"我接受许可协议中的条款",然后点击 下一步 以继续。下一步,安装器将要求您确认 MuseScore 的安装位置。
若您正安装一个更新版本的 MuseScore 但同时仍想保留旧版本软件,那么 您应当更改安装路径(请注意MuseScore 3 可以与 MuseScore 1、2 共存且无需任何更改)。否则请点击 下一步 以继续。
点击 安装 以继续。
安装向导会花几分钟去安装必需文件与配置。您将看见:
最后
点击 结束 退出安装器。您可以删除已下载的安装文件。
msiexec
命令以静默安装 MuseScore:msiexec.exe /i MuseScore-
<X.Y
>.msi /qb
X.Y
> 表示您已先行手动下载的安装包的版本。ALLUSERS=1
。--disable-interactivity
能够实现静默安装,但是不能屏蔽 UAC 弹窗。WinGet install --id Musescore.Musescore.3 -s winget --disable-interactivity
WinGet install --id 9P0CNR9RWZSX -s msstore --disable-interactivity
欲启动 MuseScore,点击⊞ 开始→所有程序→MuseScore 3→MuseScore 3。
注意,这将不会删除您的乐谱和 MuseScore 设置。
您可以从开始菜单卸载 MuseScore:点击开始→所有程序→MuseScore 3→卸载 MuseScore;或者通过控制面板卸载。
msiexec.exe
msiexec
命令以卸载 MuseScore:msiexec.exe /x
<path_to_package
>path_to_package
> 指定 MuseScore 安装包文件的位置和名称。WinGet uninstall "MuseScore 3"
在 Windows XP 和 Vista 上,安装器可能会被系统屏蔽。若您无法顺利安装 MuseScore,请右击已下载的安装文件,并点击“属性”。倘若弹出信息“这个文件来自另一台计算机,它可能会被阻止以保护本机”,点击“不阻止”“OK”并再次双击安装文件。
你将在MuseScore下载页找到DMG(磁盘映像)文件。点击macOS下载链接即可开始下载。下载完成后,请双击DMG文件来装载磁盘映像。
将MuseScore图标拖拽到Applications文件夹图标。
若您未以管理员身份登入,macOS会询问密码:点击 认证并输入密码 以继续。
当应用程序复制完成后,请弹出磁盘映像。此时您可以从应用文件夹、聚焦搜索或启动台启动MuseScore。
注意: 在macOS 10.15 Catalina中,系统会询问您是否允许MuseSocre访问用户部分的文件。当您在Catalina中第一次使用本软件时,系统会向您询问,请点击“好”按钮。如果您意外跳过了这个步骤,您也可以在系统偏好设置 > 安全与隐私 > 文件与文件夹中进行许可。您需要点击左下角小锁图标🔒,输入您的登陆密码,找到MuseScore并将其加入应用程序列表中,勾选“文稿”和“下载”文件夹。
只需将应用文件夹内的MuseScore删除即可。
您可以利用ARD的复制功能将MuseScore部署到多个计算器。因为MuseScore是一个独立应用,所以您能够轻松把应用复制到目标计算机的 '/Application' 文件夹。只要不同版本的MuseScore的名称不同,您也可以安装。
您可以在下载页面获取不同Linux发行版的MuseScore软件包,AppImage是其中最简单、适用发行版最广的安装方式。若您有偏爱,当然也可以使用发行版软件包的方式进行安装。从源代码编译也是一种方式。
AppImage文件几乎可以运行在所有Linux发行版上:应用及其所需的所有文件全部封装在一个AppImage文件里,如同一个便携版软件。通过以下步骤,可以让MuseScore的AppImage在您的系统中运行。
AppImages come in different versions. Make sure you download the right one for your system. To check the architecture of your system:
AppImage文件有多种不同架构的版本,请确保您下载的是正确的版本。您可以通过以下步骤来得知系统架构:
arch
或
uname -m
输出结果会类似于 “i686
”, “x86_64
” 或者 “armv7
”:
i686
(或类似的) - 32位 Intel/AMD 处理器(常见于老旧计算机)。x86_64
(或类似的) - 64位 Intel/AMD 处理器(现代笔记本、台式机以及大多数Chromebook)。armv7
(或更高的版本) - ARM 处理器。(手机,平板电脑,运行Ubuntu Mate的第二、第三代树莓派以及一些Chromebook。 大部分为32位)现在您可以转到下载 页面找到符合您电脑架构的AppImage。下载的文件将以 “MuseScore-X.Y.Z-$(arch).AppImage
”命名(如MuseScore-3.6.2-x86_64.AppImage)。
可以使用两种方法:
使用文件管理器:
(以Nautilus为例)
1. 在AppImage上右键后选择“属性”。
2. 打开“权限”选项卡。
3. 打开“允许执行文件”选项。
不同文件管理器的操作方法可能有所出入。
使用终端:
此命令适用于所有Linux系统(提示:此指令预设您下载的AppImage文件在“~/Downloads”目录下。若非如此,请将指令中的路径修改为您文件所在的目录):
cd ~/Downloads chmod u+x MuseScore*.AppImage
Note: You can move the AppImage to wherever it is most convenient. And to "uninstall" it, just delete it.
提示:您可随时移动AppImage文件到您想要的地方,若要“卸载”它,删除文件即可。
上文所述步骤虽然让您得以运行AppImage,但没有让其真正整合入系统:软件不会出现在应用程序菜单中、MuseScore文件(MSCZ等)没有和软件相关联、MuseScore文件无法显示正确的图标。
因此,您需要真正安装软件,才能解决这些问题:
cd ~/Downloads ./MuseScore*.AppImage install
您也可以只使用一条命令:
~/Downloads/MuseScore*.AppImage install
使用"--help"和"man"选项以获取更多可用的命令行选项:
./MuseScore*.AppImage --help # 显示所有命令行选项 ./MuseScore*.AppImage man # 显示帮助页(解释选项作用)
sudo pacman -Syu musescore
(Ideally before, otherwise while or after) installing MuseScore itself, you can install one or more soundfont packages (if none is installed, the dependencies will pull in a suitable soundfont automatically):
musescore-general-soundfont-small
: the standard MuseScore_General soundfont in SF3 format, as shipped with MuseScore for other operating systemsmusescore-general-soundfont
: the MuseScore_General HQ soundfont in SF3 format, as available via the Extensions managermusescore-general-soundfont-lossless
: the MuseScore_General HQ soundfont in uncompressed SF2 format: takes up a lot more space on your hard disc, but offers the highest sound quality and extremely fast startup timesfluidr3mono-gm-soundfont
: the old soundfont shipped with MuseScore 2.0 (antecessor of MuseScore_General), use only if resources are very tight or you need ittimgm6mb-soundfont
: the old soundfont shipped with MuseScore 1.3; cannot substitute the others; use only if you need it; extremely tinyNote: only the MuseScore_General soundfont (HQ or regular) supports single-note dynamics (SND), and you need at least version 0.1.6 of those soundfonts (from unstable or backports) for SND support!
The command sudo update-alternatives --config MuseScore_General.sf3
can be used at any time to select the default soundfont used by MuseScore if you install more than one (note timgm6mb-soundfont
cannot be selected here).
Then, install the musescore3
package for MuseScore 3.x (the current stable version) or musescore
for MuseScore 2.x (there’s also musescore-snapshot
for the unstable developer preview). The packages are available in the following distributions:
musescore3
: sid (unstable), bullseye (testing/Debian 11), buster-backports (stable/Debian 10), stretch-backports-sloppy (oldstable/Debian 9)musescore
: buster (stable/Debian 10), stretch-backports (oldstable/Debian 9), jessie-backports-sloppy (oldoldstable/Debian 8)musescore-snapshot
: experimental (usable on unstable)See https://backports.debian.org/Instructions/ for instructions on how to add an official Debian backports repository to your system and install packages from there.
Note: without the appropriate backports, older versions may be available: MuseScore 2.0.3 on stretch, MuseScore 1.3 on jessie. Using the latest 2.3.2 version for 2.x-format scores instead (or conversion to 3.x) is strongly recommended!
导入GPG密钥:
su rpm --import http://prereleases.musescore.org/linux/Fedora/RPM-GPG-KEY-Seve
到MuseScore的下载页面。点击符合您电脑架构的稳定版Fedora链接。
对于不同架构,您有两种方式来安装MuseScore
对于 i386架构
su yum localinstall musescore-X.Y-1.fc10.i386.rpm
su yum localinstall musescore-X.Y-1.fc10.x86_64.rpm
如果安装后没有声音,可以查看 Fedora 11的声音问题.
KDE neon的软件包与一般Ubuntu PPA文件构建在不同软件仓库上,这也是构建KDE neon版本软件包的唯一方法。由于OpenSUSE构建服务的限制,我们只能提供amd64架构(64位PC)的软件包,而没有ARM架构(如Slimbook和Pinebook remix等设备)的软件包。
All commands listed below must be entered in a terminal, in one line each.
Remove the Ubuntu PPAs (all three of them) from your system if you’ve ever configured it before. This is generally in /etc/apt/sources.list
or one of the files below /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
; if you used add-apt-repository
(the recommended way) to enable the PPA, you can remove them with: sudo rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mscore-ubuntu-ubuntu-mscore*
KDE neon is not compatible with the Ubuntu PPAs!
Install a few standard packages (usually they are already there, but just in case they aren’t) to be able to securely download the repository signature key:
sudo apt-get install wget ca-certificates
wget -O - https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/mirabile:/mscore/bionic-neon/Release.key | sudo apt-key add -
echo deb https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/mirabile:/mscore/bionic-neon ./ | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mscore.list
sudo apt-get update
Now, it’s time to install one or more soundfont packages (ideally install the one you want before installing MuseScore):
musescore-general-soundfont-small
: the standard MuseScore_General soundfont in SF3 format, as shipped with MuseScore for other operating systemsmusescore-general-soundfont
: the MuseScore_General HQ soundfont in SF3 format, as available via the Extensions managermusescore-general-soundfont-lossless
: the MuseScore_General HQ soundfont in uncompressed SF2 format: takes up a lot more space on your hard disc, but offers the highest sound quality and extremely fast startup timesfluidr3mono-gm-soundfont
: the old soundfont shipped with MuseScore 2.0 (antecessor of MuseScore_General), use only if resources are very tight or you need ittimgm6mb-soundfont
: the old soundfont shipped with MuseScore 1.3; cannot substitute the others; use only if you need it; extremely tinyIf you skip this step, a suitable soundfont will be automatically installed when you install MuseScore itself in the final step.
Note: only the MuseScore_General soundfont (HQ or regular) supports single-note dynamics (SND), and you need at least version 0.1.6 of those soundfonts (from our repository) for SND support!
The command sudo update-alternatives --config MuseScore_General.sf3
can be used at any time to select the default soundfont used by MuseScore if you install more than one (note timgm6mb-soundfont
cannot be selected here).
Finally, you can install the latest stable version of MuseScore with sudo apt-get install musescore3
and the old 2.x version with sudo apt-get install musescore
(the musescore-snapshot
package with an instable developer preview is also available).
警告:此方法不适用于KDE neon用户(见上文)!
MuseScore 2.x (the old version) is available from 18.10 (cosmic) to 19.10 (eoan) out of the box. Older Ubuntu releases carry older versions (18.04 (bionic) has 2.1, 16.04 (xenial) has 2.0, 14.04 (trusty) and 12.04 (precise) have 1.3 and 1.2, respectively). Similar to the Debian instructions, we recommend using the latest 2.3.2 version for old 2.x scores instead, or migrating those scores to MuseScore 3.
Besides the versions supplied by the distribution itself, the MuseScore Debian packager provides newer versions of MuseScore for older Ubuntu releases in official PPAs (package archives).
Please activate the Stable releases of MuseScore 3 repository on your system and then install the musescore3
package, available for all releases from 18.04 (bionic) onwards. (It is not feasible to provide MuseScore 3 for older Ubuntu releases, as those lack the minimum Qt version required by MuseScore 3.)
If you wish to install the older MuseScore 2, activate the Stable releases of MuseScore 2 PPA and install the musescore
package, available for 12.04 (precise), 14.04 (trusty), 16.04 (xenial), and 18.04 (bionic) onwards. (Some intermediate releases may have slightly older MuseScore versions still available, but it’s best to update to the next LTS.) On the ancient 12.04 (precise) and 14.04 (trusty) releases, this will upgrade the Qt library in your system, which may break unrelated software (and on 12.04 even the C++ libraries are upgraded), mind you; best to upgrade to a newer LTS.
There’s also a MuseScore Nightly Builds (unstable development builds) PPA, from which the daring can install the musescore-snapshot
package, for LTS, that is, 18.04 (bionic) only.
WARNING: these PPAs are only suitable for Ubuntu/Kubuntu/Xubuntu/… but not for Debian or KDE neon!
As with Debian, you can install one or more soundfont packages (ideally install the one you want before installing MuseScore, but if you don’t, a suitable one will be installed alongside MuseScore):
musescore-general-soundfont-small
: the standard MuseScore_General soundfont in SF3 format, as shipped with MuseScore for other operating systemsmusescore-general-soundfont
: the MuseScore_General HQ soundfont in SF3 format, as available via the Extensions managermusescore-general-soundfont-lossless
: the MuseScore_General HQ soundfont in uncompressed SF2 format: takes up a lot more space on your hard disc, but offers the highest sound quality and extremely fast startup timesfluidr3mono-gm-soundfont
: the old soundfont shipped with MuseScore 2.0 (antecessor of MuseScore_General), use only if resources are very tight or you need ittimgm6mb-soundfont
: the old soundfont shipped with MuseScore 1.3; cannot substitute the others; use only if you need it; extremely tinyNote: only the MuseScore_General soundfont (HQ or regular) supports single-note dynamics (SND), and you need at least version 0.1.6 of those soundfonts (possibly from the PPA) for SND support!
The command sudo update-alternatives --config MuseScore_General.sf3
can be used at any time to select the default soundfont used by MuseScore if you install more than one (note timgm6mb-soundfont
cannot be selected here).
您也可在下载页面查看所有可用的发行版
MuseScore可以运行在Chrome OS的Linux容器(又叫Crostini)里。There is a special procedure you can use to install MuseScore on a Chromebook if you are not already comfortable with running Linux apps. See the article Install MuseScore on Chromebook for more information. You can also get a special build of MuseScore 3 for ARM processors via that link (the official builds are only for Intel).
Alternatively, if you prefer to use the plain Linux commands, follow the steps described in the video linked below:
chmod +x
for the AppImage file./
followed by the Musescore package file namesudo apt-get install libvorbisfile3
sudo apt-get install libnss3
install
command line option) to avoid running it from Linux command line each time